Plant Database / Cover & Soil Crops / Crimson Clover
Cover & Soil Crops

Crimson Clover

Trifolium incarnatum
Fabaceae (Legume)

A cover crop that feeds your soil for free. It pulls nitrogen out of the air, then you cut it down and it becomes fertilizer.

Cover cropFixes nitrogenPollinatorCool-seasonBuilds soil
Crimson Clover (Trifolium incarnatum) illustration — Texas Roots plant database, by Jordan Polasek
Sun
Full sun
Water
Cool-season rains
Soil
Most; improves as it grows
pH
6.0–7.0
Hardiness
Cool-season annual
Height
12–18 in
Spacing
Broadcast
Days to harvest
Terminate at bloom

Free fertilizer from the air

Legumes like crimson clover host bacteria on their roots that pull nitrogen out of the atmosphere and lock it into the soil. Grow it over winter on an empty bed, then cut it down before it sets seed and let it break down in place — you've just fertilized that bed for free and added organic matter at the same time. This is the heart of building soil instead of buying it.

Bonus: it feeds the bees

The deep crimson blooms are a magnet for pollinators in early spring, so a winter cover of clover also primes your garden's pollinator population right before the growing season.

🔎 How to identify it

  • Classic three-part clover leaflets
  • Striking elongated crimson-red flower heads (not round like white clover)
  • Low spreading habit, soft-hairy stems

⚠ Lookalikes & safety

Other clovers/medics

All legumes, all soil-friendly, none dangerous. Crimson clover's deep-red elongated bloom is the tell.

Not for eating

Grown for the garden, soil, or pollinators — not as food.
🌤 Before you plant: check the live 7-day garden weather to time it right for frost and heat.

Part of the free Texas Roots plant database, compiled by Jordan Polasek from his greenhouse in El Campo, Texas. Free to read and share. If it helped, the best thanks is to grow something.