Plant Database / Vegetables / Brussels Sprouts
Vegetables

Brussels Sprouts

Brassica oleracea gemmifera
Brassicaceae (Mustard)

A long-season brassica — sprouts form up the stalk and sweeten after frost. Plant early for a winter harvest.

EdibleCool-season
Brussels Sprouts (Brassica oleracea gemmifera) illustration — Texas Roots plant database, by Jordan Polasek
Sun
Full sun
Water
Even
Soil
Rich, firm
pH
6.0–7.5
Hardiness
Long cool-season
Height
2–3 ft
Spacing
18–24 in
Days to harvest
90–110

What it is

Brussels Sprouts (Brassica oleracea gemmifera) is in the Brassicaceae (Mustard) family. A long-season brassica — sprouts form up the stalk and sweeten after frost. Plant early for a winter harvest.

How to grow it

It wants full sun, water it even, and give it rich, firm soil. Target a soil pH around 6.0–7.5. Space plants about 18–24 in apart. Expect roughly 90–110. Long cool-season.

How it's used

Brussels Sprouts is used: roasted, sautéed.

🔎 How to identify it

  • Tall single stalk
  • Sprouts in the leaf axils
  • Cabbage-like leaves on top

Edibility

PartsSprouts and leaves
UsesRoasted, sautéed
CautionNeeds a long cool season; not a summer crop.
The grow guide

How to grow & propagate brussels sprouts

Everything I've worked out about starting this one, keeping it alive through a Texas year, and turning one plant into many — free.

How to propagate brussels sprouts

The cabbage family is a cool-season seed crop. Start the heading types (cabbage, broccoli, cauliflower) in trays 5–6 weeks before you want them in the ground; sow the fast roots and greens (radish, turnip, mustard, arugula) straight into the bed. They all cross with each other readily, so if you're saving seed, only let one variety of a given species flower at a time.

Growing brussels sprouts in Texas

Give it full sun and rich, firm soil. Match the spot to the plant and most of the battle is already won.

This is a cool-season crop. On the Texas Gulf Coast that means your real windows are fall and late winter, not summer — sow as the heat breaks in September–October and again in late winter, and you'll harvest through our mild winters while the rest of the country is frozen out.

Keep moisture even, especially while it's young — deep, less-frequent soaks build better roots than a daily sprinkle.

Harvesting

Figure on roughly 90–110 before you're harvesting. Harvest at peak and keep harvesting — most vegetables produce harder the more you pick, and one left to over-mature tells the plant its job is done. The part you're after: sprouts and leaves.

Making more for free

Every seed we sell is open-pollinated, which means you can save your own from the best plants and it'll grow true next year. Let a few of your strongest plants finish and go to seed, dry it fully, and store it cool and dark. That's the whole point of heirlooms — buy once, grow forever.

🌤 Before you plant: check the live 7-day garden weather to time it right for frost and heat.

Part of the free Texas Roots plant database, compiled by Jordan Polasek from his greenhouse in El Campo, Texas. Free to read and share. If it helped, the best thanks is to grow something.