Plant Database / Vegetables / Watermelon
Vegetables

Watermelon

Citrullus lanatus
Cucurbitaceae (Gourd)

A true heat crop that loves a long Texas summer. Sandy soil and warmth give the sweetest melons.

EdibleAnnualFull sunHeat-loverDrought-tough
Watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) illustration — Texas Roots plant database, by Jordan Polasek
Sun
Full sun
Water
Even early, drier as it ripens
Soil
Sandy, warm
pH
6.0–6.8
Hardiness
Warm-season annual
Height
Long vines
Spacing
3–4 ft
Days to harvest
70–90

What it is

Watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) is in the Cucurbitaceae (Gourd) family. A true heat crop that loves a long Texas summer. Sandy soil and warmth give the sweetest melons.

How to grow it

It wants full sun, water it even early, drier as it ripens, and give it sandy, warm soil. Target a soil pH around 6.0–6.8. Space plants about 3–4 ft apart. Expect roughly 70–90. Warm-season annual.

How it's used

Watermelon is used: fresh; rind picklable.

🔎 How to identify it

  • Deeply lobed gray-green leaves
  • Sprawling vines with tendrils
  • Tendril near stem dries when ripe

Edibility

PartsFlesh and rind
UsesFresh; rind picklable
CautionNone.
The grow guide

How to grow & propagate watermelon

Everything I've worked out about starting this one, keeping it alive through a Texas year, and turning one plant into many — free.

How to propagate watermelon

The squash and melon family wants warm soil and hates cold, wet feet, so wait until the ground is reliably warm and sow the big seeds an inch deep right in the garden. They sprawl, so give them room or a trellis. They're insect-pollinated and cross wildly within a species — keep that in mind if you ever want to save seed that comes true.

Growing watermelon in Texas

Give it full sun and sandy, warm soil. Match the spot to the plant and most of the battle is already won.

This one thrives in heat that flattens other plants, so it earns its space through a Texas summer. Get it established before the worst of July, keep water steady, and it'll produce when little else will.

Once it's rooted in, this is a low-water plant — overwatering does more harm than drought here. Water deeply to establish, then back off and let it prove how tough it is.

Harvesting

Figure on roughly 70–90 before you're harvesting. Harvest at peak and keep harvesting — most vegetables produce harder the more you pick, and one left to over-mature tells the plant its job is done. The part you're after: flesh and rind.

Making more for free

Every seed we sell is open-pollinated, which means you can save your own from the best plants and it'll grow true next year. Let a few of your strongest plants finish and go to seed, dry it fully, and store it cool and dark. That's the whole point of heirlooms — buy once, grow forever.

🌤 Before you plant: check the live 7-day garden weather to time it right for frost and heat.

Part of the free Texas Roots plant database, compiled by Jordan Polasek from his greenhouse in El Campo, Texas. Free to read and share. If it helped, the best thanks is to grow something.