Plant Database / Vegetables / Cucumber
Vegetables

Cucumber

Cucumis sativus
Cucurbitaceae (Gourd)

Fast, forgiving, and prolific. Trellis it to save space and grow straighter fruit.

EdibleAnnualFull sunBeginner-friendly
Cucumber (Cucumis sativus) illustration — Texas Roots plant database, by Jordan Polasek
Sun
Full sun
Water
High — consistent moisture
Soil
Rich, well-drained
pH
6.0–7.0
Hardiness
Warm-season annual
Height
Vining 3–6 ft
Spacing
12 in
Days to harvest
50–70

What it is

Cucumber (Cucumis sativus) is in the Cucurbitaceae (Gourd) family. Fast, forgiving, and prolific. Trellis it to save space and grow straighter fruit.

How to grow it

It wants full sun, water it high — consistent moisture, and give it rich, well-drained soil. Target a soil pH around 6.0–7.0. Space plants about 12 in apart. Expect roughly 50–70. Warm-season annual.

How it's used

Cucumber is used: fresh, pickled.

🔎 How to identify it

  • Rough lobed leaves on climbing vines
  • Yellow flowers, separate male and female
  • Tendrils that grab a trellis

Edibility

PartsFruit
UsesFresh, pickled
CautionBitter fruit (rare) comes from heat/water stress — cut and discard the bitter end.
The grow guide

How to grow & propagate cucumber

Everything I've worked out about starting this one, keeping it alive through a Texas year, and turning one plant into many — free.

How to propagate cucumber

The squash and melon family wants warm soil and hates cold, wet feet, so wait until the ground is reliably warm and sow the big seeds an inch deep right in the garden. They sprawl, so give them room or a trellis. They're insect-pollinated and cross wildly within a species — keep that in mind if you ever want to save seed that comes true.

Growing cucumber in Texas

Give it full sun and rich, well-drained soil. Match the spot to the plant and most of the battle is already won.

Time your planting to our long warm season and watch the frost dates at both ends; the live weather tool on this site is built for exactly that.

Keep moisture even, especially while it's young — deep, less-frequent soaks build better roots than a daily sprinkle.

Harvesting

Figure on roughly 50–70 before you're harvesting. Harvest at peak and keep harvesting — most vegetables produce harder the more you pick, and one left to over-mature tells the plant its job is done. The part you're after: fruit.

Making more for free

Every seed we sell is open-pollinated, which means you can save your own from the best plants and it'll grow true next year. Let a few of your strongest plants finish and go to seed, dry it fully, and store it cool and dark. That's the whole point of heirlooms — buy once, grow forever.

🌤 Before you plant: check the live 7-day garden weather to time it right for frost and heat.

Part of the free Texas Roots plant database, compiled by Jordan Polasek from his greenhouse in El Campo, Texas. Free to read and share. If it helped, the best thanks is to grow something.