Plant Database / Herbs / Basil
Herbs

Basil

Ocimum basilicum
Lamiaceae (Mint)

The gateway herb. Fast, fragrant, foolproof, and it makes your tomatoes grow better while it's at it.

EdibleAnnualFull sunBeginner-friendlyContainer-friendlyWe sell it
Basil (Ocimum basilicum) illustration — Texas Roots plant database, by Jordan Polasek
Sun
Full sun, 6+ hr
Water
Even moisture, don't let it wilt
Soil
Rich, well-drained
pH
6.0–7.0
Hardiness
Tender annual (hates frost)
Height
12–24 in
Spacing
10–12 in
Days to harvest
3–4 weeks for first pinch

Pinch to win

The whole secret to bushy, productive basil is pinching. The moment a stem shows its first flower bud, pinch the top two leaves off. This forces the plant to branch and stay leafy. Let it flower and it'll put energy into seed and the leaves turn bitter. Keep it pinched and one plant feeds you all summer.

Loves the heat, hates the cold

Basil is a true warm-season plant. Don't rush it into cold spring soil — wait until nights are reliably above 50°F. On the Gulf Coast it'll run from late spring until the first fall cool-down.

🔎 How to identify it

  • Square stems (a mint-family tell — roll it between your fingers)
  • Opposite, glossy oval leaves, intensely fragrant when brushed
  • White or purple flower spikes at the stem tips

⚠ Lookalikes & safety

Other mint-family herbs

All have square stems; smell is the giveaway. Basil's scent is sweet and clove-like — nothing in the family is dangerous.

Edibility

PartsLeaves and flowers
UsesFresh, pesto, dried, infused oils, tea
CautionNone.
🌤 Before you plant: check the live 7-day garden weather to time it right for frost and heat.

Part of the free Texas Roots plant database, compiled by Jordan Polasek from his greenhouse in El Campo, Texas. Free to read and share. If it helped, the best thanks is to grow something.