Plant Database / Vegetables / Southern Pea (Cowpea)
Vegetables

Southern Pea (Cowpea)

Vigna unguiculata
Fabaceae (Legume)

Blackeye, crowder, cream — the South's hot-weather protein that fixes nitrogen and feeds the soil too.

EdibleAnnualFull sunDrought-toughHeat-loverFixes nitrogenSurvival cropWe sell it
Southern Pea (Cowpea) (Vigna unguiculata) illustration — Texas Roots plant database, by Jordan Polasek
Sun
Full sun
Water
Low — very drought-tough
Soil
Poor to average; tolerant
pH
5.5–7.0
Hardiness
Warm-season annual
Height
1–3 ft
Spacing
4 in
Days to harvest
60–90

What it is

Southern Pea (Cowpea) (Vigna unguiculata) is in the Fabaceae (Legume) family. Blackeye, crowder, cream — the South's hot-weather protein that fixes nitrogen and feeds the soil too.

How to grow it

It wants full sun, water it low — very drought-tough, and give it poor to average; tolerant soil. Target a soil pH around 5.5–7.0. Space plants about 4 in apart. Expect roughly 60–90. Warm-season annual.

How it's used

Southern Pea (Cowpea) is used: fresh shelled, dried, as 'peas'.

🔎 How to identify it

  • Three-leaflet leaves
  • Pale flowers
  • Long slender pods, peas with a dark 'eye'

Edibility

PartsSeeds; young pods; leaves cooked
UsesFresh shelled, dried, as 'peas'
CautionNone.
🌤 Before you plant: check the live 7-day garden weather to time it right for frost and heat.

Part of the free Texas Roots plant database, compiled by Jordan Polasek from his greenhouse in El Campo, Texas. Free to read and share. If it helped, the best thanks is to grow something.